Did You Know About Vaccination

Have you ever heard about immunization? And did you know about immunization? Immunization or vaccination is a method for generating immunity in human body, by using cetain microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses that have been modified, immunization is usually done to prevent polio disease for infants.

    The immune system is a group of cells, molecules, an organs that work together to keep the body's immune from the threat of foreign bodies such as viruses, bacteria, fungi and abnormal cells, there are several components in the immune system, the first component is macrophages which serves as the immune system by phagocytosis against foreign objects or bacteria that enter the body, the second component is lymphocytes, lymphocytes are white blood cells that play a role in the formation of antibodies, so that also plays a role in the immune system, the third component is the receptor antigen, lymphocytes will produce antigen receptor, which has a specific structure, to follow and in accordance with the structure of the antigen like a key and lock, lymphocytes can make millions of kinds antigen receptors, the fourth component is the antigen carrier cells, when antigen entry into in the cell body, the specific carrier molecules present in the cell and to the cell surface antigens, and T lymphocytes, and the last component is antibodies, anti body is a protein that has a shape like the letter Y and destroy the antigen.

    Immune system also has some defects, the first is an allergic disorder, where a person exposed to an allergen, IgE antibodies will stimulate mast cells to release histamine, due to the influence of this histamine, then people will feel itching, second abnormal is rejection transplantation, transplant rejection can be devided into three categories. Namely hyper acute rejection, acute rejection, and chronic rejection, the third is a disorder of immune deficiency, and the last is an autoimmune disease, and examples of an autoimmune disease is diabetes, rheumatic fever, and myastenia gravis.

The Benefit Of Bacteria For Human Life

Bacteria is one of the species, just as with humans, however bacteria cell is different with the cells making up the human body. The human body cells are eukaryotic, where as bacteria cells are prokaryotic, the bacteria are located in different places, we can find the bacteria in the air, soil, food, water, plants, and also animals, even bacteria can be found in places that have very extreme temperatures, many people thought that the bacteria can be harmful to humans, the bacteria are harmful if destructive, but some kinds of bacteria can actually be utilized for the benefit of humans, even very beneficial to human life.

    Bacteria can harmful for humans and other living things, because it can be parasites and phatogens. However, some bacteria can be utilized to produce important subtances or industrial process. Bacteria or saprophytic decomposers are bacteria that can break down plants or animals, that have died, and remains of organisms or dirt into carbon dioxide, ammonia gas, and other compounds that are simpler, these bacteria play an important role in mineralization in natural and environmental clean up of trash organic, nitrifying bacteria is bacteria that are able to prepare compounds of ammonia nitrate, which lasted aerobically in the ground, in the field of agriculture, nitrification is very benefecial, because it produces compounds needed by plants is nitrate, an example of nitrifiying bacteria is nitrobacter, nitrogen bacteria are bacteria that can fix nitrogen from the air freely, and turn it into a compounds can be absorbed by plants, the example of nitrogen bacteria is rhizobium and clostridium bacteria, intestinal bacteria serve to help decompose the residual digestion, samples of intestinal bacteria is eschericia coli or e-coli bacteria.

    Bacteria also contribute to the process of fermentation in foods, such as lactobacillus bacteria which used for the manufacturer of yogurt, pickles, and kefin. Where as streptococcus is used to make butter, acetobacter in use in nata de coco and pediococcus for manufacturer of sausages, other than in the field of food, bacteria can also be used in the health sector, for example was to produce antibiotics such as the bacterium bacillus polymika.

Bryophyta or Moss Plants

Moss plants or that we often call bryophyta is plants that often we found in moisture place or wet places, sometimes this plant can be found in trees, water, and swamps, bryophyta or moss plants have leate chlorophyll, so moss plants are autotrophs, this plants generally do not have a carrier network, such as the phloem and xylem, so for the transport of water and foodstuffs bryophyta using parenchymal cells, other characteristics of the moss plants having a lot of cells, or muticellular, its cell wall made of cellulose, and have a protective layer is cuticle. Moss is a plant thallus, are roots, stems, and its leaf is difficult to be differentiated, these plants do not have true roots like other plants, but moss has a rhizoid or false roots, which serves to absorbs minerals and attached to the substrate, there is gametophyte and sporophyte types of moss, gametophyte of moss has a body shape like a leaf, while the moss sporophyte that is going to produces spores.

    Moss plants do the reproductive through metagenesis process, spores which release from moss plants will turn into bond, bond would later develop into the gametophyte, gametophyte will develop into anteredium and arkegonium, anteridium will produce spermatozoid or sperm cells,  while arkegonium will develop into an egg cells, or ovum. Then spermatozoid and egg cells will be fused, and will form a zygote, the zygote will develop into sporogium, sporogium will develop into sporangium, and will return to spores.

    Moss plants were devided into three classes, namely hepaticopsida, anthoceropsida, and bryopsida classes, moss plant alho have many benefits for human life, such as oxgen providers, storage of water, absorbing pollutants, helping to resist erosions, reduce flood hazards, in addition to helpful in the envirotment, moss is also useful in human health, several species of sphognumsp. Can used as skin and eyes medicines, and can be used as a subtitute for cotton, while marchantia polymorpha can be used for the treatment of liver cancer.

The Benefit Of Virus For Human Life

Virus apparently can also be beneficial for human life,in general,viruses can harm and danger for humans, because virus causes several human diseases such as influenza are caused by orthomyxovirus, measles is caused by a paramyxovirus, polio is caused by poliovirus, mumps in caused by a paramyxovirus, acquired immune deficiency syndrom or AIDS which is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus or HIV, and other disease that caused by virus,but by knowing and recognizing    the properties and structure of the body of virus, we can take the advantage of the virus for the benefit for mankind.

  Medical technology has been used bacteriophages to recognize and identify bacterial pathogens, bacterial resistance and susceptibility to attack by bacteriophages can be used to determine the bacterial strains in the classification system, to determine the bacterial strain can be done by looking at the type of lysis after phages infection in particular, the call with phage typing, determination process is routinely used to identify the bacterial pathogens, such as staphylococcus and typhoid bacillus, so phage is tool for diagnosing a disease, and to follow the spread of the disease in the community, the lysogenic bacteria is a conceptual model to examine the oncogenic virus or cancer- causing viruses, since viruses that also have the ability to perpetuate the genetic material in infected cells.

  Viruses also play a role in the manufacture of vaccines,vaccines are pathogenic microorganism that have been weakened or turned of, then the input into the animal or human body, in order to produce antibodies or immune system to fight the virus attackes inside the body, there are two ways to make vaccine,which is the conventional way or traditional way and also genetic engineering,the example of vaccine is produced by virus is rabies  vaccine, and also can be used as biopepticides, for example baculovirus is sprayed on crops.

Leukemia or Blood Cancer

Leukemia is a disease that is both frightening and deadly, leukemia is a disease that occurs in the human circulatory system, leukemia or blood cancer is a disorder that occurs due to bone marrow produces abnormal leukocytes, more than is needed by the body, patients with leukemia have a number of common symptoms such as night sweats, fatigue and weakness, headache, easy bleeding, bruising, pain in the bones or joints, swelling or feel uncomfortable, in the abdoment, due to an enlarged spleen, swelling in the neck or armpit, and also can loss of weight.

  The treatment of leukemia is basically done to kill leukemia cells, on this time, the treatment of leukemia can be done in several ways, such as chemotherapy using drugs, biological therapy using interferon or monoclonal antibody, radiation therapy, or also using cell transplantation or stem cell system, leukemia disease or blood cancer is the one of cancer type that many suffered by those who under the age of fifteen years old, leukemia can interfere the functions of human body, it's because fibroblast growth factors/FGFs can insert in the pleiotrophyc heparin-binding growth factors, this FGFs is produced by white blood cells or leukocyte, that can be suffered the function of autikrin and also parakrin, that exist in the bone marrow, and can cause the stimulant from produce the stoking, by stroma and endothellium of FGFs, this FGFs can cause variations of mesodermal and neuroectodermal cells type be chaotic that cause changes on poliferation, movement, and also resistance and difference of cells.

    Leukemia disease can be prevented with the several ways such as more consume of seeds, fruits and vegetables, diet, avoiding cigarettes and alcohol, do the regular of exercise, avoid the carcinogenic substances, detect early, drink the herbal medicine and reduce to consume the chemical medicine.

Did you know about Tuberculosis

Did you know about tuberculosis? Tuberculosis is a disease that caused by bacteria was called mycrobacterium tuberculosis,this bacteria has rod-shaped and resistant to acid, so it is also known as acid-resistant rods,this bacterium was first discovered by Robert Koch on march 24,1882 , so that to commemorate his services the bacteria was named Koch bacillus,even tuberculosis disease human lungs some times referred to as pulmonary Koch.

  Tuberculosis disease is usually transmitted through contaminated air with mycrobacterium tuberculosis bacteria,that release when people who transmit of tuberculosis was cough,and the sours of children infection is generally derived from adult tuberculosis patient,these bacteria when frequently enter and accumulate in the lungs will breed a lot,especially in people who have low immune system,and can spread  through the blood vessels,or lymph nodes,therefore tuberculosis can infect almost all organs such as lungs,brain,kidneys,gastrointestinal tract,bones,and other organs,and most commonly affected of tuberculosis disease is lung.

  Therefore, we need to know the symptoms of the disease, people who infected the tuberculosis disease,usually have a fever,but not too high,and usually felt in the evening accompanied by night sweats,the main symptoms that occur in people with tuberculosis are coughing up continuously,for three weeks or more,while the additional symptoms that are often encountered such as blood's coughing up,shortness of breath,the body feels weak and lethargic,decreased of appetite,and weight loss,so we aren't infected with tuberculosis,we must to prevent it early on,to prevent the tuberculosis disease can be done by reduce to contact with tuberculosis patients,eating nutritious food,always keep clean the environment,and always getting used to exercising. and don't forget to always take a doctor if you have symptoms of tuberculosis disease.

The Danger Of Narcotics And Psycho Tropics

Narcotics and psycho tropics can give the bad impact directly to the users,if the people use the narcotics and psycho tropics in larger amount without doctor's prescription to get pleasure,dangers will come to the drugs users,people should be avoid using the drugs because there will be some damage in the body,as well as in their mental,doctors are allowed to give them to the patient in order to reduce their pain,but in a very little amount.

  The physical changes will be happen to the narcotics and psycho tropics users,their body will become weak and thin,and also their eyes will become red but not because irritations,and skin will become red, not only in the physical changes but changes in the physical performance can be occurs,like their hair will become tangle,their clothes are not tidy so,their body will smell bad.

  Not only changes in physical,but also changes in the people's behavior,for example,they will be irritable and prone to emotions,they also like alone and isolate themselves,from the people around them,and can't focus and concentrate what their doing on something,and also they can't control their behavior,someones who is addicted to drugs would can eliminate consciousness,peoples who addicted of drugs can't control his body movement,for example ,he staggers when walking and running, he thinks that he walk normally but his nerve cannot control his movement because of drugs effect, and will become very hazardous if he rides a motorcycles or drives a car,many peoples died in the road because they drove when they drunken or when they were in the influence of  drugs.

  Drugs addiction can make the people death,this usually happen to the long term addicted because if he can't find pleasure with the usual amount of drugs he will increase the amount he uses,he will increase even more and more amount of drugs,so that it become over-dosaged ,some people died because he consume the drugs over-dosage.

The Advantage Of Consuming Fruits And Vegetables

Do you like fruits? What did you feel if you eaten fruits and vegetables every day?consume more fruits and vegetables can make our body feel health,fresh,and beautiful. And also consuming fruits and vegetables can prevent the disease. Well I will tell you about the benefit of consuming fruits and vegetables. And I will also explain the substances contained in fruits and vegetables.

  Orange contains vitamin C, it prevent thrush, vitamin C also make our body fresh and health.vitamin C can protect the body from against as an immune system,vitamin C also protect our body from cardiovascular disease,prenatal health problems,eye disease,and even skin wrinkling,the fruits that contains of vitamin C such as guava, kiwi, strawberries, etc. But orange is the most fruits that contains vitamin C.

  Do you like carrot? Carrot is one of the kinds vegetables,usually this vegetable colored orange, carrot most contains vitamin A,and did you know the advantages of vitamin A before?vitamin A has several potential preventive and therapeutic uses, vitamin A is also can make the immune system, it keeps skin and mucous cells membrane healthy, vitamin A also called retinol, it help your eyes adjust to light changes when you come in from outside and also keep your eyes healthy.

  Vitamin E is also very important for our body, vitamin E help prevent oxidation stress to the body, vitamin E can help protect against heart disease, cancer, and muscular degeneration and important advantage of vitamin E, it's made our skin fresh, clean and beautiful, fruits and vegetables that contain of vitamin E such as bengkoang, cucumber, sun flower seed, almond, mustard greens, spinach, nabati oil, avocado, papaya, kiwi, mango etc.

  So, I recommend you to consume more fruits and vegetables, because fruits and vegetables very important for health.